China has conducted a public test-launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) into the Pacific Ocean, raising concerns about the country’s nuclear build-up. The missile, carrying a dummy warhead, was launched by the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force as part of their annual training plan. The Chinese Ministry of Defence stated that the launch was not directed at any specific country or target.
While the specific type of ICBM tested was not named, China’s newest DF-41 missile has a range of 12,000 to 15,000km. The state-run Xinhua news agency reported that relevant countries were informed in advance of the test, but did not provide details on the missile’s path or landing location.
The launch was deemed successful in testing the performance of weapons and equipment, as well as the training level of troops, according to Xinhua. The PLA Rocket Force is responsible for modernizing China’s nuclear forces in response to improved United States missile defenses and strengthened alliances.
Last October, the US expressed concerns that China was developing its nuclear arsenal more rapidly than previously anticipated, with over 500 operational nuclear warheads as of May 2023. The US estimated that China could possess more than 1,000 warheads by 2030. This test-launch is likely to heighten tensions and prompt renewed focus on the escalating nuclear capabilities of both China and the US.
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